Projection Micro Stereolithography
PMSL parts are built off a lifting build platform. The part productivity depends upon the size of the object as it relates to the area of the build plate, the production time and finishing required.
Step 1
Printing
The build plate of the PMSL printer sits above a reservoir of photopolymer material. At the start of the process, the printer’s build platform is lowered and submerged in the reservoir of photopolymer where the digital light source exposes a raft layer off from which the part will be suspended by its network of supports. At the completion of the first layer the build platform lifts up above the surface of the photopolymer when a levelling arm spreads and agitates the material. For all remaining layers, the previously hardened part layer returns to the photopolymer and a digital light source projects each layer onto it until the part build is complete.
Step 2
Support Removal
Manual Removal Supports are clipped or peeled away, often before full curing to reduce surface marks. Soluble Support Removal Non-applicable. Manual Removal Note: Use flush cutters, tweezers, or scraping tools; take care with delicate features.
Step 3
Surface Finishing
Sanding / Polishing Common for removing support marks and smoothing surfaces; wet sanding preferred. Chemical Smoothing / Coating Non-applicable for most resins; some clear resins benefit from polishing compounds or spray lacquer. Painting / Priming Very effective; primer helps paint adhere to cured resin. Gloss / Matte Control Achieved post-print with coatings or through print settings (clear coat for gloss, matte varnish for flat finishes.)
Step 4
Curing / Heat Treatment
UV / Thermal Curing Essential. Prints must be UV-cured after cleaning to reach full mechanical strength. Annealing / Stress Relief Non-applicable
Step 5
Assembly and Functional Finishing
Gluing or Bonding Superglue, UV resin, or epoxy works well; parts can also be “welded” with uncured resin and cured together. Drilling / Tapping / CNC Not usually possible on very small parts. Inserts / Fasteners Not usually possible on very small parts.
Step 6
Special Treatments
Infiltration / Sealing Non-applicable; most PMSL parts are fully solid. Functional Coatings UV-blocking, clear gloss, rubber coatings, or primer / paint depending on use. Post-print Functionalisation Transparency enhancements (e.g., for lenses) using polishing and clear coat; dental / medical parts may be sterilised.
Step 7
Productivity
PMSL parts are built off a lifting build platform. The part productivity depends upon the size of the object as it relates to the area of the build plate, the production time and finishing required. This information relates to the potential productivity of a single machine. All AM types can be arranged together to form print farms or smart factories that will increase productivity. These collections of multiple units can also provide opportunities for varying degrees of automation.
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